Introduction
Genotyping is the process of determining which genetic variants an individual possesses, it can be performed through a variety of different methods, depending on the variants of interest and the resources available.
SNP Genotyping Analysis
A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is sequence variation at the single-base level. They can be found in coding, non-coding, and intronic regions of genomes, and they may affect transcription factor binding, gene splicing, protein folding and many other elements at the gene and transcript level.
Fig. 1 SNP Genotyping methods
There are several methods for SNP genotyping, including dynamic allele-specific hybridization, Molecular bacons, PCR based methods, oligonucleotide ligation assay, etc. Typically, the genotyping protocols start with target amplification and follow with allelic discrimination and production or identification, the allelic discrimination reaction step including primer extension, pyrosequencing, ligation, structure specific cleavage and hybridization, some or all of these steps could be combined and processed in parallel. The last...